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KCSE CLUSTER TESTS 26

Biology Paper 1

1.

Explain the following terms

a) Taxonomy (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

b) Species (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

2 marks

2.

State three features used in classifying arthropods into classes __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

3 marks

3.

a) Name the substance that accumulates in muscles when respiration occurs with insufficient oxygen (1mrk) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b) Give the three end products of anaerobic respiration in plants. (3mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

4 marks

4.

a) State three characteristics of a wind pollinated flower. (3mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b) Explain why sexual reproduction is important to organisms. (1mrk) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

4 marks

5.

State the functions of the following organelles.

a).Lysosomes (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b).Golgi apparatus (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

2 marks

6.

What is the role of vascular bundles in plant nutrition? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

3 marks

7.

Haemophilia is a genetic disorder which is transmitted through a recessive gene linked to the X chromosome using H to represent the normal gene and h for haemophilia, work out the genotypic ratio of the offspring of a marriage between a woman who is carrier for haemophilia gene and a normal man.

4 marks

8.

a) In what form does energy enter the earth’s ecosystem? (1mrk) __________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________

b) What is the main source of energy in an ecosystem (1mrk) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

c) In what form does energy transferred from one trophic level to another? (1mrk) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
d) If only a small fraction of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another, what happens to the rest of the energy? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

3 marks

9.

The diagram below represents gaseous exchange in the alveolus.

a).Indentify the gases labeled X and Y (2mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b).Trace the path followed by gas Y from alveolar space until it reaches the red blood cells. (3mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
c).Name the part of the brain that controls breathing movement in humans. (1mrk) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

6 marks

10.

The table below shows the energy use per day in kilojoules

a).From the table, explain why after age 8 males require more energy than females. (1mrk) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b). Other than sex and age, name three other factors that determine energy requirements in human beings (3mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

4 marks

11.

a) Define organic evolution. (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b). Give the role played by variation in the process of evolution. (2mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

3 marks

12.

a) What are halophytes? (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b) State three adaptations of halophytes to their habitats. (2mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

3 marks

13.

a) Name the causative agent of the following diseases in humans. (2mrks)
-Syphilis_____________________________________________________________________________ -Herpes_____________________________________________________________________________
b). State the functions of the following structures. (2mrks)

-Fallopian tube

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

-Amniotic fluid

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

4 marks

14.

An experiment was set up as shown below to compare the amount of carbon (iv) oxide in expired and inspired air.

a). State the purpose of the clip (2mrks)

i). P_________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________

ii). Q________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________

b). Compare the observations in flask A and B after the experiment. Give reasons for your answer. (2mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

4 marks

15.

a). State the purpose of the clip (2mrks)

i). P_________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________

ii). Q________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________

b). Compare the observations in flask A and B after the experiment. Give reasons for your answer. (2mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

2 marks

16.

Explain how water is gained from the soil by root hairs in plants. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

3 marks

17.

The diagram below shows the human ear.

a).Name the structures labeled 3, 4 (2mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b).State the function of the parts labeled 5 and 7 (2mrks) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

4 marks

18.

Give the survival value of the following tropic responses
a). Geotropism (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b). Haptotropism (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

c). Chemotropism (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

3 marks

19.

Distinguish between single and double circulatory systems. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

1 marks

20.

Name one disorder caused by a dominant gene. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

1 marks

21.

Name the spore producing structures in pteridophytes. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

1 marks

22.

a). Define transpiration. (1mrk)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
b). State two environmental factors that decrease the rate of transpiration. (2mrk)

3 marks

23.

The graph below shows the relationship between environmental temperature and the body temperature in two different animals A and B.

a).State the relationship between the body temperature of animal A and external environmental temperature (1mrk)

b). Give the term used to describe;

i). Animals of type A______________________________________________________________ (1mrk)

ii). Animals of type B_____________________________________________________________ (1mrk)

3 marks

24.

Nitrogen in the atmosphere cannot be directly utilized by plants. State two ways by which this Nitrogen is made available for plant use
__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

2 marks

25.

The diagram below shows chemical reaction I and II which are controlled by enzyme A and B.

Name the reaction I and enzyme B Reaction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Enzyme B………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2 marks

26.

State two main functions of a microscope.

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

2 marks

27.

in what form is carbon (IV) oxide transported in blood __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

2 marks

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