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KCSE CLUSTER TESTS 24

Biology Paper 2

SECTION A (40 Marks)

1.

An ecologist carried out a survey to estimate the number of organisms in a certain dam. The following table shows the record of the survey.

a) i) Construct a food chain for the ecosystem. (2mks)
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ii) Construct a pyramid of number for the ecosystem (2mks)

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b) i) List the secondary consumers in the table above. (1mk)
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ii) State the trophic level occupied by the crocodiles. (1mk)

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c) Name the organism that would be depleted first in the ecosystem. Explain your answer. (2mks)
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6 marks

2.

A student set up an experiment as shown below.

a) State the physiological process investigated. (1mk)
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b) If the experiment was left overnight, state the observations made in set-ups A and B. (2mks)
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c) Account for the observations made in the experiment. (3mks)
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d) If another experiment C was set up such that nothing is placed in the potato cup. State and explain the results that would be obtained. (2mks)
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8 marks

3.

Study the diagram below

a) Name substance C (1mk)
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b) Name the type of blood vessels that are found in the umbilical cord. (2mks)
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c) Name structures A and D (2mks)
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d) Name the process through which substances are exchanged between foetal and maternal circulation. (1mk)
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e) Name structure E and state its function. (2mks)
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8 marks

4.

Below is a pedigree which traces the inheritance of colour blindness in a certain human family.

a) Using C to represent normal colour vision show the genotypes for the following:
(3mks)
i) Mary
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ii) Mercy
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iii) John

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b) If mercy was married to a normal male, workout the genotypes offspring produced. (Show your working) (4mks)
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c) Below is a part of DNA strand.
A – A- A- C – G – T
Derive a copy of RNA, copied from the strand above. (1mk)

8 marks

5.

The diagram below shows a germinating seedling.

a) Name the parts labeled A to D. (2mks)
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B……………………………………….
C……………………………………….
D……………………………………….
b) State the functions of part B. (2mks)
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c) What type of germination is shown in the diagram? (1mk)
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d) State two roles of enzymes during germination. (2mks)

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e) State the reason why the radical emerges first during germination. (1mk)
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8 marks

6.


The table below shows how the quantities of urine and sweat produced vary with external temperature.

a) On the same axis, plot the graphs of quantities of urine and sweat produced against the external temperature (7mks)

b) At what temperature are the amount of sweat and urine produced equal? (1mk)
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c) Account for the amount of sweat produced as temperature rises. (3mks)
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e) Explain how the following help in temperature regulation when it is hot.
i) Hair (3mks)
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ii) Blood vessels (3mks)
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10 marks

SECTION B (40 Marks)

Answer question 6 and EITHER questions 7 and 8.
7.

Explain how the leaf is adapted to its function of photosynthesis.

20 marks

8.

Explain the role of hormones in the female human menstrual cycle.

20 marks

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