State TWO examples of oral traditions.

State the MAIN reasons why the bantu migrated from Shungwaya.

Name ONE community in Kenya that had a centralized system of government.

Give TWO reasons why the Portuguese built Fort Jesus.

Identify TWO African cultural practices that were condemned by Christian missionaries.

State TWO ways in which the Maasai benefited from their collaboration with the British .

Name TWO groups that provided education in colonial Kenya.

State TWO main causes of the differences between KANU and KADU before independence.

State TWO ways in which Harambee has promoted education in Kenya.

Give TWO reasons why an aspiring candidate for a parliamentary seat in Kenya must be nominated by a political party.

State TWO conditions which must be satisfied in order to be registered as a Kenyan citizen.

Name TWO Commissions that were set up to investigate 2007 Post election violence in Kenya.

Identify TWO types of Democracy.

Define the term Devolved government.

a) State FIVE effects of the migration of the Borana. (5mks)

b) Describe the political organization of the Maasai in the pre-colonial period. (10mks)

a) State THREE roles played by Mekatilili Wa Menza in the Agiriama resistance. (3mks)

b) Explain six factors that enabled the Nandi to offer a protracted resistance against the British. (12mks)

a) What were the terms of the Devonshire White paper of 1923. (5mks)

b) Explain FIVE positive effects of urbanization during the colonial rule in Kenya. (10mks)

a) Identify THREE Arab dynasties that ruled East African Coastal city states in the 16th century. (3mks)

b) Explain SIX features of early political organizations in Kenya up to 1939. (12mks)

a) Identify THREE occasions when National Anthem is sung. (3mks)

b) Explain SIX factors that limit national unity in Kenya. (12mks)

a) State FIVE objectives of sentencing a person who has broken the law. (5mks)

b) Explain functions of the Kenya Defence Forces. (10mks)

a) State THREE qualifications for one to be registered as a voter under the new constitution 2010. (3mks)

b) Explain SIX functions the Independent Electoral and Boundary Commission of Kenya. (12mks)