Differentiate between:
(a) Extensive and intensive farming systems. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
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(b) Aqua culture and apiculture. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
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State two disadvantages of pastoral nomadism system of farming.

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State two ways in which soil depth influences crop production.

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Give two ways of increasing light intensity in crop production.

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Name two types of micro-catchments commonly used in water conservation. _________________________________________________________________________________
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Give four ways of acquiring land for agricultural use in Kenya today. _________________________________________________________________________________
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State four roles of mulch in soil and water conservation.

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Give four ways of water harvesting in a farm. _________________________________________________________________________________
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State four methods that make weeds be competitive with desired crops in regard to successful means
of propagation.

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A farmer is to apply a compound fertilizer 20-30-0 on a vegetable plot measuring 5m long by 4m
wide at the rate of 200kg/ha. Calculate the amount of fertilizer the farmer requires for the plot
(show your working).

State four advantages of drip irrigation. _________________________________________________________________________________
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(a) State two positive effects of high temperatures on crop production. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
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(b) What is forage defoliation? (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
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State two importance of drainage of land. _________________________________________________________________________________
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Define the term opportunity cost.

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State four effects of soil erosion.

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Name two methods used to control weeds in pastures. _________________________________________________________________________________
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Give four reasons why seeds may fail to germinate after planting. _________________________________________________________________________________
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The diagram below shows a method of crop propagation.

(i) Identify the propagation method illustrated above. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
(ii) State three ways of initiating faster root development in propagation method
illustrated. (3 marks) ___________________________________________________________________________
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Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.

(i) Identify the weed. _________________________________________________ (1 mark)
(ii) State the reason why it is hard to control the above named weed. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
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(iii) Classify the above weed according to the life cycle.

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The diagram below illustrates how a plucking table is developed in a given crop.

(i) Identify the crop where the above practice is carried out. ________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
(ii) Name the method. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
(iii) Mention three advantages of pruning a crop. (3 marks) ___________________________________________________________________________
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The diagram below illustrates a tomato fruit infested by a certain pest.

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(i) Identify the pest.__________________________________________________ (1 mark)
(ii) State the damage caused by the pest on the fruit. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
(iii) Name one alternate host of the pest in the diagram. (1 mark)

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(iv) State two methods of controlling the pest. (2 marks) ___________________________________________________________________________
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A plot of land measures 6.6m long by 3.6m wide. The plot is prepared for planting cabbages at a
spacing of 60cm by 60cm. the outermost row start 30cm from the edges all around the plot.
Calculate:-
(i) the number of rows falling on the width side of the plot. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________
(ii) the number of cabbages seedlings that should be planted in the plot. (Show your working).
(2 marks)

Describe the production of irrigated rice under the following sub-headings.
(a) Land preparation. (7 marks)
(b) Water control. (5 marks)
(c) Fertilizer application (3 marks)
(d) Weed control. (5 marks)

(a) Explain various management practices that can be carried out by a farmer to
maintain soil fertility on his farm. (10 marks)
(b) Explain five ways in which soil loses its fertility. (5 marks)
(c) Explain five importance of soil organic matter. (5 marks)

(a) State and explain five factors that influence spacing in crops. (10 marks)
(b) State and explain five general methods of crop pest and disease control. (10 marks)