Mention any two examples of meat goats in Kenya
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Differentiate between
(i) Gestation period and incubation (1mark)
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(ii) Kid and kindling (1mark)
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State three factors that affect digestibility of a feeds in dairy animals
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State three factors to consider when selecting eggs for sale
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Give four factors that may cause infertility in dairy cows.
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Differentiate between out crossing and cross breeding as used in livestock production.
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State three reasons for weighing livestock at weaning stage
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State four functions of vitamins
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State two advantages of using wood as a construction material
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Mention four safety precautionary measures when using electric power in the farm
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Give two functions of queen bee in a colony.
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Give two uses of footpath in a plunge dip
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Outline four signs of heat in sows.
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State two disadvantages of using hurricane lamps and lanterns as providers of heat in a brooder
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Give four ways of stimulating milk let down in a dairy cow.
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State two reasons for raddling in sheep management.
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State the uses of the following tools and equipments
Chipping harmer
Tin snip
Router

(a) Identify each of the parasites of livestock shown below. (2marks)

A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
D……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) What is the difference between parasites A and B and parasites C and D? (1mark)
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(c ) Suggest an effective control measure of the parasites labelled C (1mark)
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Below are illustrations showing the behavior of chicks in various brooders. Study the diagrams and answer the questions that follow.

(i) State the environmental problem in each brooder as illustrated by the behavior of the chicks (3marks)
A………………………………………………………………………………………………………
B………………………………………………………………………………………………………
C………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) State two ways of overcoming the problem in B (2marks)
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Below is a diagram of a farm implement

Identify the implement

(½ mark)
(b) Label the parts marked A, B, C, D and E. (2 ½ marks)
A……………………………………………….…….……………………………………………………
B…………………………………………………….…………………………………………………….
C……………………………………………………….………………………………………………….
D……………………………………………………………..……………………………………………
E………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(c ) state the functions of the parts labelled C and E (2marks)
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The diagram below is a biogas digester

Name the parts labelled X and Z (1mark)
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Name two inputs periodically channeled through X (2marks)
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Name the use to which material Y is put (1mark)
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Name two uses of biogas on the farm. (1mark)
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(a) Discuss the importance of keeping livestock healthy. (8marks)
(b) State the daily maintenance and servicing of a tractor (10marks)
(c) Explain two maintenance practices carried out in a fish pond (2marks)

(a) Describe the structural requirement to be considered when constructing a calf pen (10marks)
(b) Describe mastitis disease in dairy cattle under the following sub headings
(i) Two causal organisms (2marks)
(ii) Predisposing factors (8marks)

(a) Explain the factors to consider while sitting farm structure (10marks)
(b) Describe the process of training a calf to drink milk from a bucket (4marks)
(c) Explain three methods of acaricide application (6marks)