Give two methods used by archaeologists to determine the age of fossils.

Give one reason why early people moved from forests to settle in grasslands.

Give the main reason why early agriculture developed in Egypt.

Name two main methods of trade.

Identify one invention that revolutionized food preservation during the 19^th century.

Who are credited with the first use of iron?

Give two reasons that led to the decline of meroe as an early urban centre.

State the role of ‘golden stool’ in the Asante Kingdom during the 19^th century.

Who was the first Senegalese deputy to the French chamber of deputies?

State two objectives of African national congress.

What was the immediate cause of Britain entry into the First World War?

What is the main duty of the United nations General Assembly?

Apart from political instability in Uganda during the reign of Idd Amin, state two other reasons for the collapse of the East African community in 1977.

State two achievements of the organization of African unity.

Which are the two major national political parties in the United States of America?

Who is the head of government in India?

(a) State three ways in which the development of agriculture contributed to the establishment of government. (3mks)
(b) Explain six effects of the Agrarian revolution in Britain. (12mks)

(a) Identify three ways in which water was used in industries during the 19^th century. (3mks)
(b) Explain six social effects of the industrial revolution in Europe during the 18th century. (12mks)

(a) State five factors that led to the emergence of trade. (5mks)
(b) Explain five challenges faced by the Trans-Saharan traders. (10mks)

(a) Give three duties of the native affairs department in Southern Rhodesia during the colonial period. (3mks)
(b) Explain six consequences of the land apportionment act of 1930 in Zimbabwe. (12mks)

(a) Give five achievements of the league of nations between 1919 and 1939. (5mks)
(b) Explain five reasons why the league of nations failed to maintain world peace. (10mks)

(a) State five aims of Pan-Africanism. (5mks)
(b) Explain five reasons why Pan-African Movement had not established itself on the African continent before 1945. (10mks)

(a) Give three political changes introduced by Mobutu Sese Seko which led to dictatorship in the democratic republic of Congo. (3mks)
(b) Explain six economic problems faced by the democratic republic of Congo since independence. (12mks)