History and Government Paper 2 Marking Scheme
KCSE CLUSTER TESTS 19
History and Government Paper 2
SECTION A (25 Marks)
Answer ALL the questions- Absolute
-Constitutional monarchy
1 marks
- Fire
1 marks
-North America.
1 marks
-Involve neighboring villages/clans/communities
-Covers short distances
-Number of traders involved are few
-Involves localized goods & services in small volumes.
2 marks
-Making religious objects
-Making masks.
-Decoration for kings palace
-Ornaments making
2 marks
- Royal fire
1 marks
-The Egyptian question- the Suez canal
-River Congo and the Congo Basin
-River Niger and the Niger Basin
-Uganda – Lake Victoria
2 marks
-Lochner concession
-Coryndon treaty.
1 marks
-Kheive Ismael
1 marks
-Constant rebellions.
1 marks
- Harshness of the Portuguese rule.
-Portuguese refused to grant constitutional changes/ prepare for decolonization.
-Extreme exploitation for her resources
-Land alienation.
2 marks
-Turkey
-Germany
-Austria – Hungary
-Italy
-Bulgaria
2 marks
-Geneva.
1 marks
-Ideological differences
-Boundary disputes
-Lack of funds
-Political instability
-Liquistic barrier
-Poor transport and communication
-Foreign interferences
-Members are members of other regional organizations
-Different currencies
-Suspicion and mistrust.
2 marks
- Wider markets
-Free trade
-Exploitation of natural resources
-Good will/peace among member states
-Same level of development
-Similar problems
2 marks
- Low standard of living
-Increased crime levels
-High refugee population
-High orphanage and widow ship
-Hunger and malnutrition
-HIV/AIDS spread
2 marks
-Freedom of speech
-Freedom from harassment within the precincts of parliament
-Protection against arrest for civil offences for a period of forty days before and forty days after a session of parliament.
1 marks
SECTION B (45 Marks)
Answer any THREE questions(a)
-Foreign exchange
-Food security
-Industrialization
-Increased production
-Development of infrastructure
-Population increase( provision of labour/ markets)
-Clearing of land and cultivation of idle land
-Improved living standard
-Encouraged development of trade
(b)
-Abolition of fallows
-New methods of farming e.g. fertilizers, Dairy farming
-Inter-cropping
-Mechanization in Agriculture
-Land enclosure system / land consolidation
-Formation of Agriculture society
-Modern storage and preservation methods
15 marks
(a)
-Long tiring journey
-Unfavorable climates
-Insecurity/Attack by hostile communities
-Shortage of water and food
-Communication barrier
-Loss of direction
-Frequent sand stoms
-Intercommunity wars
(b)
-Exhaustion of trade goods
-Insecurity
-Invasion of North Africa by the Turks
-Morocco invasion of western Sudan
-Development of Trans – Atlantic trade.
-Colonization of west and North Africa by European.
-European penetration to the interior rendered the middle-men irrelevant.
15 marks
(a)
-Rafts
-Dugout canoes
-Oar driven boats.
(b)
-Pornography which spoil morals
-Misleading advertisements eg alcohol/drugs
-Expensive hence unaffordable to many
-Technology changes oftenly
-Irrevalant to illitrates
-Some reporters are irresponsible (biased incitment)
-Spread of social crimes eg terrorism
-They are addictive
-Pollution (noise)
-Radio-activity in mobile phones
15 marks
(a)
-Gold trade
-Defence centre (citadel)
-Religious centre
-Administrative centre (Persian rulers)
(b)
-Trade
-Industrialization
-Improved transport
-Shipping activities
-Political stability/administrative centers
-Rural – urban migration
-Location – Banks of River Thames
15 marks
SECTION C (30 Marks)
Answer any TWO questions(a)
-Land alienation
-Introduction of hut tax
-Forced labour
-Forced growing of cash crops
-Poor wages for forced labour
(b)
-Experienced military organizer
-Large army
-His solders worked for and knew the French tactics
-He used the scorched earth policy
-His army knew their terrain
-Used guerilla warfare.
-His army was supported by the civilians
-Had military work shop
-His army believed it was a jihad.
15 marks
(a)
- Sabotage by her citizen of German origins.
-Public opinion
-Bombing of American merchant ship by German submarines.
-Ensure war payment advanced by her Allies
-Zimmerman telegram.
(b)
-Marginalisation of Africa in international affairs
-Conditionality for getting aid
-Removal of financial aid and military support for some African countries
---Failure of Russian and socialism led to collapse of socialist African Nations.
-U.S.A dictate to the world
-Led to proliferation of political pluralism in Africa
-Neo colonialism intensified in Africa
-‘invasion of countries by big powers with impunity
-New world political and economic order
-Globalisation effect is felt more in Africa .
15 marks
(a)
-Dissolved parliament.
-Declare state of emergency
-Sign bills to become law
-Commander of the armed forces
-Appoint governors and judges
-Symbol of National unity
-Appoint the prime minister.
(b)
-Growth of Nationalism in Germany
-They exploited the effects of the Great Depression
-Violation of the Versailles treaty
-He exploited the policy of appeacement by Britain and France.
-He made Himself a dictator through Nazi party.
-He formed alliance with Japan and Italy
-He violated the Versailles treaty
-Attacked and annexed territories in Europe
15 marks