(a) Kingdom ;
(b) Ape man
Quadrupedal gaits, Bipedal gait;
Small brain, Enlarged brain ;
Protruding lower jaw , Smaller lawerjaw;
Larger canine , Smaller canine ;
Opposable toe , non opposable toe; (mark the first two)

(a)Pooter;
(b)Avoid insect being sucked into the mouth of sucker ;

The gametes may not fuse at the right moment when female is on heat; Both male and female may be separated by distance or other natural obstacles;

(a)splitting of water molecule (H2O);into Hydrogen ions and Oxygen and ATP molecules using sunlight;
Rej : Hydrogen gas

(b)Importance of chloroplast/chlorophyll in photosynthesis ;

(i)Dental carriers

(ii)

• Regular brushing of teeth;
• Avoid sweet/ sugary food;
• Chew hard food;
• Use teeth for the right purpose;
• Eat diet rich in calcium and vit D;
• Visit dentist regularly ; (mark the first two)

Fish that can feed on mosquito larvae;
Month which feed on cacti;
Cats to feed on rats;
Aphids to feed on e.g. water Hycinth;

(i)Glycolysis

(ii)Ethanol rej.Alcohol

(a) Limits growth (because it is not flexible);

(can be too heavy)hindering fast movement;

(b) To prevent friction between the vertebrae;

To allow bending movement of the vertebrae;(mark the first one)

(a ) A solution with equal concentration to that of the potato cytoplasm;
(b) The potato would absorb water molecules by osmosis; become turgid: increase in size; OWTTE

(a)Denitrification;

(b)

-Have Aerenchyma tissue for buoyancy;

-Have their stomata only on upper surface of the leaf;

-Very thin cuticle;

-Lose water by evapotranspiration; (mark the first two)

(a)Complete metamorphosis;
(b)-Organogenesis (format of organs);
-Innactive in terms of feeding; OWTTE

(i)Animal should have been animalia (Latinization);
Division should have been Phylum;

(ii)

(a) –Geographical distribution;

-Fossil records

(b)Divergent Evolution ;

(a)Maintenance of a constant internal body environment;

(b)Formation of contractile vacuole where water is accumulated and then excreated;

Liver;

Genital / reproductive organs

Stigma above Anthers (A)

Prevent self pollination / pollinating agent reaches stigma earlier than the Anthers avoiding self pollination;

Stigma below anthers (B)

-Encourages self pollination to form pure breeds;

-Allow for the first wind to blow away the pollen grains preventing self pollination where Anthers mature earlier than the stigma;

(b)Seed viability – Ability / suitability of a seed to germinate when provided with all necessary conditions:

-Plant parts avoid unfavorable conditions;

-Helps climbers to acquire support;

-Plant part growing towards resources

(a)Transpiration ;

(b)

-Root pressure ;

-Transpiration pull;

-Capillarity;

-Adhesion and cohesion forces;

-Climbing;

-Use of tendrils;

-Turgidity of parenchyma tissues/cell;

-Twinning round woody plants;

(a)Carboxyhaemoglobin;

(b)It combines permanently with haemoglobin hence reducing the Ability of blood to transfere oxygen;

.-Flowers;barks;(epicarp)of fruits;(OLD)leaves;Xylem wall; (mark the first two)

(a) Air bladder;

(b)

-Hollow bones;

-Feathers;

-Strong keel muscles;

-Streamlined body

-Lenticels; Hydathodes/ Pneumatophores. (mark the first two)

-Attachment of muscles;

-Articulation;

-Strengthening bone;

(i) Pathway through which a nerve impulse moves from receptor to effector;

(ii) Sensory neurone; associative / relay neurone;

Motor neurone; (mark the first two)

(i)Gene linkage - A condition whereby certain genes are located in a certain chromosome and always moves with that chromosome together; OWTTE.

(ii)Phenotype – an observable characteristic /trait controlled by Genes/physical expression of the Genotype.

(iii)Non – Disjunction – a condition where Homologous chromosomes fails to segregate during the process of meiosis leading to polyploidy in offspring’s; OWTTE.

(a) – Trypsins;

-Pepsin ;

(b)To prevent self digestion of the Alimentary canal/gut ;

(a)Meristematic tissue;

Cambium meristem

(b)Growth – Permanent increase in size of an organism ;rej.if No organism.