(a). The angle of incident is equal to the angle of reflection.√

(b). The incident ray, reflection ray and the normal at the point of incidence i.e on the same plane.√

(i) Coil is down and up on coil 2√

(ii) -Increasing amount of current.√

-Using a stronger magnet.√

To allow the omitted gases√ to escape.√

(a). A –metal cap√

B – metal rod/stem√

(b). To ensure uniform charge distribution.√

(a). To prevent charge leakage as a result of drought.√

(b). -Earthing

-Applying a flame to the cap.

-Leaving it in the open air.

(i) To create a north and south √ pole at the ends of the solenoid.

Or Opposite poles at ends√

(ii). -The sound from the microphone creates a varying current leading to a varying field in the solenoid√ due to the electromagnet√

-The varying, field cataracts the diaphram√ (magnetic alloy) at different degrees leading to vibration√

This vibration reproduces the speech in the receiver.√

(iii). -Replacing the iron with steel pole pieces leads to a permanent magnet being formed.

-There will therefore be no varying magnetic field hence causing the magnetic alloy to be attracted permanently√

- No vibration of the alloy means no sound reproduction.√

(a). –Imaginary lines drawn to join particles on wave which are in phase (moving in one step)√

(b).i) Refraction√

ii). Waves are refracted away from the normal towards the earth.√

(c).i) -Alternate √maximum and minimum sound.√

ii) -Maximum sound due to constructive interference.√

-Minimum sound due to destructive interference.√

(iii). -Loud sound although.√