Give four reasons why colostrum should be fed to calf.

State three disadvantages of natural methods of calf rearing.

Name five milking materials and equipment required during milking of a cow.

Sate the functions of a carburetor in fuel system.

State the functions of the following parts of a disc plough.

i) The beam
ii) Disc
iii) Scrapers
iv) Standards
v) Furrow wheel

Give two notifiable diseases in cattle.

State four factors that determine the quality of honey.

Give four properties of a good vaccine.

Define predisposing factors as used in livestock.

State four predisposing factors that can lead to cow contracting mastitis.

State four reasons for handling livestock in the farm.

Differentiate between the following livestock breed terms:
i) Bull and bullock
ii) Ram and ewe

Name two meat breeds of sheep reared in Kenya today.

Identify the colour of the following breeds of poultry.
i) Light Sussex
ii) New Hampshire

Name two dual purpose breeds of cattle.

State three precautions observed when using workshop tool and equipment.

State four signs of parturition shown by a sow.

a) Using Pearson square, calculate how much of wheat (35% DCP) would be mixed with sunflower seed cake (10% DCP) to come up with Duck mash (20% DCP) on a ration weighing 100kg. (2 marks)
b) Below is a diagram of a cow suffering from a nutritional deficiency diseases. Study it and answer the question below.
i) Identify the disease the animal is suffering from. (1/2 mark)
ii) List two symptoms shown by a cow suffering from the disease mentioned in b (i) above. (1 mark)
iii) Name the mineral deficient that cause the above disease. (1/2 mark)
iv) Sate the two control measures of the disease mentioned above. (1 mark)

Study the tools below and answer the questions below.
a) Identify the tools X,Z and W (11/2 marks)
b) What are the functions of tools W and X (2 marks)

The diagram below shows a practice carried out in poultry.
i) Name the practice above. (1/2 mark)
ii) Identify the diagram that shows the correct method of carrying out the practice mentioned in (i)
above. (1/2 mark)
iii) Name two tools used to carry out the practice above. (1 mark)
iv) Give two reasons for carrying out the practice shown above. (1 mark)

The diagram below shows power transmission system of a tractor. Study it and answer the questions that follow.
a) Name parts labeled A , B, C and D (4 marks)
b) State three maintenance practice of sprayers. (11/2mks)

The illustration below represents an equipment used in poultry production. Study it and answer the questions that follow

i) Identify the equipment (1 mark)
ii) Identify the parts labeled C , D (1 mark)
iii) Why is it important to turn the eggs 1800 every 6-8 hours within the equipment. (1 mark)

a) Highlight four advantages of deep litter system. (4 marks)
b) State four ways in which stress can be controlled in poultry management. (4 marks)
c) Outline five disadvantages of animal-drawn implements over tractor-drawn implements. (5 marks)
d) i) Sate three characteristics of a poor layer. (3 marks)
ii)Outline four advantages of artificial insemination in cattle management. (4 marks)

a) i) Distinguish between close breeding and line breeding.
ii) Give three reasons for out breeding as used in livestock production. (3 marks)
b) Describe the function of various parts of a plunge dip. (10 marks)
c) Sate five disadvantages of live fences. (5 marks)

a) Describe coccidiosis under the following sub heading.
i) Causal organism (1 mark)
ii) Signs of infection (5 mark)
iii) Control measures (4 mark)
b) Describe lifecycle of three host tick. (7 marks)
Describe how a calf is trained to drink milk from the bucket. ( 3 marks)​